Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Browse by scientific name:
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Scientific names beginning with D:
43 genera
113 species, 16 subspecies and varieties
113 species, 16 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Dactylis, Dactylorhiza, Dalea, Damasonium, Danthonia, Daphne, Darlingtonia, Dasiphora, Datura, Daucus, Delphinium, Dendrolycopodium, Deschampsia, Descurainia, Dianthus, Dicentra, Dichanthelium, Dichelostemma, Dichodon, Dieteria, Digitalis, Digitaria, Dionaea, Diphasiastrum, Diplachne, Diplacus, Diplotaxis, Dipsacus, Distichlis, Dodecatheon, Doronicum, Douglasia, Downingia, Draba, Dracocephalum, Dracunculus, Drosera, Dryas, Drymocallis, Dryopteris, Duchesnea, Dulichium, DysphaniaDactylis glomerata – orchard grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas such as meadows, fields, roadsides, and forest edges; common forage plant; also planted in logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas such as meadows, fields, roadsides, and forest edges; common forage plant; also planted in logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dactylorhiza viridis – frog orchid, long-bracted green orchid
Distribution: Known only from Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet meadows at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known only from Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet meadows at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dalea ornata – Blue Mountain prairie-clover
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky or sandy areas, often in sagebrush, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky or sandy areas, often in sagebrush, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Damasonium californicum – fringed water plantain, star water plantain
Distribution: Known only from Klickitat County in Washington; Washington to California, east to southwest Idaho and western Navada.
Habitat: Sloughs, ditches and marshy fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known only from Klickitat County in Washington; Washington to California, east to southwest Idaho and western Navada.
Habitat: Sloughs, ditches and marshy fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Danthonia californica – California oatgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, grassy meadows to rocky ridges, from coastal prairies to mid-elevations in the mountains, often with ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, grassy meadows to rocky ridges, from coastal prairies to mid-elevations in the mountains, often with ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Danthonia decumbens – common heath-grass, mountain heath-grass
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in northeastern Canada.
Habitat: Marshy margins, dunes, dry meadows, damp, disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in northeastern Canada.
Habitat: Marshy margins, dunes, dry meadows, damp, disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Danthonia intermedia – timber oatgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern Canada; also in eastern Russia.
Habitat: Dry, mesic or wet meadows, peatlands, rocky slopes, and talus, from the lowlands to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern Canada; also in eastern Russia.
Habitat: Dry, mesic or wet meadows, peatlands, rocky slopes, and talus, from the lowlands to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Danthonia spicata – poverty oatgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Newfoundland and eastern United States.
Habitat: Sandy to rocky soil in dry woods and fairly dry meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Newfoundland and eastern United States.
Habitat: Sandy to rocky soil in dry woods and fairly dry meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Danthonia unispicata – few-flower oatgrass, one-spike oatgrass
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry to occasionally moist prairies, foothills, and open parks and ridges in mountain forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry to occasionally moist prairies, foothills, and open parks and ridges in mountain forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Daphne laureola – spurge-laurel
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas in the lowlands.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas in the lowlands.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Daphne mezereum – mezereon, paradise plant
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Washington, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wetlands, forest edges, and fields, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Washington, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wetlands, forest edges, and fields, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Darlingtonia californica – cobraplant
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where intentionally planted at Summer Lake in Washington; Lane County, Oregon to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs along coast, along streams, often on serpentine
Origin: Introduced from Oregon
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where intentionally planted at Summer Lake in Washington; Lane County, Oregon to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs along coast, along streams, often on serpentine
Origin: Introduced from Oregon
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dasiphora fruticosa – shrubby cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open areas from low elevations to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open areas from low elevations to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Datura stramonium – jimson-weed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste places and roadsides, often in dry soil.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste places and roadsides, often in dry soil.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Datura wrightii – jimson-weed, sacred thorn apple
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, dry, open areas, roadsides, and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Mexico
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, dry, open areas, roadsides, and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Mexico
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Daucus carota – wild carrot, Queen Anne's-lace
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, lawns, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, lawns, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Daucus pusillus – American wild carrot, rattlesnake weed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across the southern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grassy balds, headlands, rocky outcroppings, and other to seasonally moist open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across the southern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grassy balds, headlands, rocky outcroppings, and other to seasonally moist open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Delphinium ajacis – doubtful knight's-spur
Distribution: Limited in distribution to a few localities west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Drainage ditches, roadsides, old home sites, waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Limited in distribution to a few localities west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Drainage ditches, roadsides, old home sites, waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Delphinium basalticum – basaltic larkspur
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southcentral Washington and adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Basaltic cliff faces, outcropping, and exposed slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southcentral Washington and adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Basaltic cliff faces, outcropping, and exposed slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium ×burkei – Burke's larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and seasonally damp open sagebrush and ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and seasonally damp open sagebrush and ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium depauperatum – slim larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: From vernally moist sagebrush valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: From vernally moist sagebrush valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium distichum – two-spike larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Vernally wet swales and meadows, in sagebrush or ponderosa pine forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Vernally wet swales and meadows, in sagebrush or ponderosa pine forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium glareosum – Olympic larkspur
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades Range in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine ridges and talus slopes, sometimes found at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades Range in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine ridges and talus slopes, sometimes found at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium glaucum – pale larkspur
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and the Canadian Great Plains.
Habitat: Meadows and wet thickets, bogs, streambanks, and coniferous forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and the Canadian Great Plains.
Habitat: Meadows and wet thickets, bogs, streambanks, and coniferous forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium leucophaeum – pale larkspur
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Lewis County in Washington; Lewis County, Washington to Willamette Valley, Oregon.
Habitat: Bluffs, open ground, and moist lowland meadows where undisturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Lewis County in Washington; Lewis County, Washington to Willamette Valley, Oregon.
Habitat: Bluffs, open ground, and moist lowland meadows where undisturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium lineapetalum – line-petaled larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Meadows and forest edge from lowland valleys to lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Meadows and forest edge from lowland valleys to lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium menziesii – Menzies larkspur
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and prairies to moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and prairies to moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium multiplex – Kittitas larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas, and Yakima counties in Washington.
Habitat: Along rocky, usually intermitant streams or springs in sagebrush hills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas, and Yakima counties in Washington.
Habitat: Along rocky, usually intermitant streams or springs in sagebrush hills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium nuttallianum – thin-petal larkspur, upland larkspur
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, gravelly ground, sagebrush deserts to the ponderosa pine region in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, gravelly ground, sagebrush deserts to the ponderosa pine region in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium nuttallii – Nuttall's larkspur
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to Willamette Valley, Oregon.
Habitat: Gravelly outwash prairies and basaltic cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to Willamette Valley, Oregon.
Habitat: Gravelly outwash prairies and basaltic cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium occidentale – western larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah.
Habitat: Montane meadows and thickets, bogs, and streamsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah.
Habitat: Montane meadows and thickets, bogs, and streamsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. occidentale – western larkspur
Delphinium stachydeum – hedge nettle larkspur, spiked larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to northeast California, east to Idaho and northern Nevada.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush to ponderosa or lodgepole pine forests
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to northeast California, east to Idaho and northern Nevada.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush to ponderosa or lodgepole pine forests
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium sutherlandii – Sutherland's larkspur
Distribution: Occurring in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia and adjacent Washington, east across northern Idaho to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Dry meadows and open conifer forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia and adjacent Washington, east across northern Idaho to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Dry meadows and open conifer forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium trolliifolium – cow-poison, poison larkspur
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium viridescens – Wenatchee larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Boggy meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Boggy meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Delphinium xantholeucum – yellow-white larkspur
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Okanogan, Chelan, and Douglas counties.
Habitat: Dry, grassy hillsides and ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Okanogan, Chelan, and Douglas counties.
Habitat: Dry, grassy hillsides and ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dendrolycopodium dendroideum – prickly tree clubmoss, tree ground-pine
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Washington, northern Idaho, and western Montana, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast: south in the Appalachians to North Carolina.
Habitat: Woodlands and open brushy areas. In Washington, found mostly among rock or talus with thick moss or duff layers, often under brush or on edges of forest. At mid elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Washington, northern Idaho, and western Montana, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast: south in the Appalachians to North Carolina.
Habitat: Woodlands and open brushy areas. In Washington, found mostly among rock or talus with thick moss or duff layers, often under brush or on edges of forest. At mid elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deschampsia cespitosa – tufted hairgrass
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: From coastal marshes and moist prairies to alpine ridges, talus slopes, mountain meadows, and moist areas in the mountains in general.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: From coastal marshes and moist prairies to alpine ridges, talus slopes, mountain meadows, and moist areas in the mountains in general.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deschampsia danthonioides – annual hairgrass
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the the Rocky Mountains; apparently introduced in Alaska, Yukon Territory, Arizona, New Mexico, and the eastern U.S.; disjunct in Chile and Argentina.
Habitat: Mesic to damp open slopes, ledges, vernal pools, scablands, stream banks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the the Rocky Mountains; apparently introduced in Alaska, Yukon Territory, Arizona, New Mexico, and the eastern U.S.; disjunct in Chile and Argentina.
Habitat: Mesic to damp open slopes, ledges, vernal pools, scablands, stream banks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Deschampsia elongata – slender hairgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist sandy or gravelly banks and slopes, and borders of streams and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist sandy or gravelly banks and slopes, and borders of streams and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Descurainia incana – mountain tansymustard
Distribution: Occurring east of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sagebrush and confier forest openings from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sagebrush and confier forest openings from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Descurainia incisa – cut-leaved tansymustard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. incisa – cut-leaved tansymustard
Descurainia longepedicellata – mountain tansymustard, narrow tansymustard, sticky tansymustard
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana to Arizona, but not New Mexico.
Habitat: Moderately dry forest openings and sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Descurainia nelsonii – Nelson's tansymustard, sagebrush tansymustard
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagrebrush desert to open montane forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Descurainia pinnata – western tansymustard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weedy native of fairly dry, open ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weedy native of fairly dry, open ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. brachycarpa – shortpod tansymustard, western tansymustard
Descurainia sophia – flixweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of dry waste ground and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of dry waste ground and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Dianthus armeria – Deptford pink
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
• ssp. armeria – Deptford pink
Dianthus barbatus – sweet William
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also from the Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also from the Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. barbatus – sweet William
Dianthus deltoides – maiden pink
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, east across Canada and from the midwestern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, east across Canada and from the midwestern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. deltoides – maiden pink
Dicentra cucullaria – Dutchman's-breeches
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and gravelly banks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and gravelly banks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dicentra formosa – Pacific bleedingheart
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring from southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, also in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring from southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, also in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. formosa – Pacific bleedingheart
Dicentra uniflora – long-horn steer's-head
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Well-drained soil, foothills to subalpine slopes; blooms soon after the snow leaves.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Well-drained soil, foothills to subalpine slopes; blooms soon after the snow leaves.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dichanthelium acuminatum – hairy perennial panicgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rocky or sandy river banks or lake margins to open woods, marshy areas or dry prairies, from sea level to high elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rocky or sandy river banks or lake margins to open woods, marshy areas or dry prairies, from sea level to high elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. fasciculatum – hairy panicgrass
Dichanthelium oligosanthes – Scribner's perennial panicgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south on both sides of the Cascades to northern California, east to Idaho, Montana and Utah, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry prairies or rocky areas to sandy stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south on both sides of the Cascades to northern California, east to Idaho, Montana and Utah, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry prairies or rocky areas to sandy stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. scribnerianum – Scribner's panicgrass witchgrass
Dichelostemma congestum – ookow, northern saitas
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Grassy meadows, rocky prairies and sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Grassy meadows, rocky prairies and sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dichodon viscidus
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northwestern Oregon, also in western Idaho; eastern North America.
Habitat: Silty shores and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northwestern Oregon, also in western Idaho; eastern North America.
Habitat: Silty shores and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Dieteria canescens – hoary-aster
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to southern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the plains and foothills, occasionally extending into the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to southern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the plains and foothills, occasionally extending into the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. incana – hoary-aster, tall hoary-aster
Digitalis purpurea – purple foxglove
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed partially shaded to sunny areas at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed partially shaded to sunny areas at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Biennial
• ssp. purpurea – purple foxglove
Digitaria ischaemum – smooth crabgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, roadsides and wastland, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, roadsides and wastland, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Digitaria sanguinalis – hairy crabgrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Dionaea muscipula – Venus fly trap
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where sparingly introduced and persisting; native to the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Bogs, lake margins, swamps at low elevations, where intentionally introduced and persisting.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where sparingly introduced and persisting; native to the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Bogs, lake margins, swamps at low elevations, where intentionally introduced and persisting.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Diphasiastrum alpinum – alpine clubmoss
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to northern Idaho, northwest Montana, and Quebec; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, dry heath meadows, and open conifer forests at high elevations. In Washington, often found associated with Phyllodoce, Cassiope, and Vaccinium in dry heath soils.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to northern Idaho, northwest Montana, and Quebec; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, dry heath meadows, and open conifer forests at high elevations. In Washington, often found associated with Phyllodoce, Cassiope, and Vaccinium in dry heath soils.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Diphasiastrum complanatum – ground cedar, trailing ground-pine
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Diphasiastrum sitchense – Alaskan clubmoss, Sitka clubmoss
Distribution: Occurring in the mountainous areas of Washington. Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana, and across central Canada to northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada; also in eastern Asia from Japan north.
Habitat: Subalpine-alpine meadows and open rocky areas at mid-to high elevations in the mountains; occasionally in conifer forest or under brush.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the mountainous areas of Washington. Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana, and across central Canada to northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada; also in eastern Asia from Japan north.
Habitat: Subalpine-alpine meadows and open rocky areas at mid-to high elevations in the mountains; occasionally in conifer forest or under brush.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Diphasiastrum ×takedae – hybrid clubmoss
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in far eastern Canada; Eurasia.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in far eastern Canada; Eurasia.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Diplachne fusca – clustered salt-grassprangletop, loose-flowered sprangletop
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
• ssp. fascicularis – bearded sprangletop
Diplacus cusickioides – Nesom's monkey-flower
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County in Washington; south-central Washington to California, east to west-central and southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry volcanic or sandy soils among sagebrush desert or conif forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County in Washington; south-central Washington to California, east to west-central and southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry volcanic or sandy soils among sagebrush desert or conif forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Diplacus nanus – dwarf purple monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, or gravelly soil among sagebrush desert or conifer forest at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, or gravelly soil among sagebrush desert or conifer forest at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Diplotaxis tenuifolia – slimleaf wall rocket
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in the southern and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in the southern and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dipsacus fullonum – teasel
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas often where at least seasonally wet; low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-December
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas often where at least seasonally wet; low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-December
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distichlis spicata – alkaline grass, coastal
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to California; also along the east coast of the United States from Canada to Florida and Texas.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, salt marshes, and inland areas where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to California; also along the east coast of the United States from Canada to Florida and Texas.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, salt marshes, and inland areas where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Doronicum willdenowii – Willdenow's leopard-bane
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington.
Habitat: Roadsides and disturbed forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington.
Habitat: Roadsides and disturbed forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Downingia elegans – common downingia
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Vernal pools, wet meadows, margins of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Vernal pools, wet meadows, margins of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Downingia pulcherrima – showy downingia
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Edge of lakes, ponds, vernal pools, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Edge of lakes, ponds, vernal pools, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Downingia willamettensis – Willamette downingia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows and edges of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows and edges of ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Draba albertina – Alaska draba, slender whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Montane forest openings to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Montane forest openings to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Draba aurea – golden draba, golden whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to north-central Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains; Greenland.
Habitat: Montane forest to alpine ridges or meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to north-central Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains; Greenland.
Habitat: Montane forest to alpine ridges or meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba aureola – alpine whitlow-grass, great alpine whitlow-grass, Mt. Lassen whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the Mount Rainier area; Washington to northern California
Habitat: Alpine areas, including scree and moraine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the Mount Rainier area; Washington to northern California
Habitat: Alpine areas, including scree and moraine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Draba cana – lance-leaved draba
Distribution: Reported from northern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: On open knolls or dry meadows to rock crevices, from subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from northern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: On open knolls or dry meadows to rock crevices, from subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba crassifolia – Rocky Mountain draba, thick-leaved draba, snowbed whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across northern Canada to Greenland; northern Europe.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, often in rock crevices and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; east across northern Canada to Greenland; northern Europe.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, often in rock crevices and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Draba densifolia – Nuttall's draba, dense-leaf whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba incerta – whitlow-wort, Yellowstone draba whitlow-wort
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia and Alberta south to Washington, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia and Alberta south to Washington, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba lonchocarpa – lancefruit draba, whitlow-wort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Northwest Territories, south in Rocky mountains to Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine slopes, talus, and rocky outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Northwest Territories, south in Rocky mountains to Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine slopes, talus, and rocky outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba nemorosa – woods draba, woodland whitlow-grass
Distribution: In scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas and forest edges at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: In scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas and forest edges at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Draba novolympica – Payson's draba, Payson's whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open slopes, talus ridges, and other exposed areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open slopes, talus ridges, and other exposed areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba oligosperma – few-seeded draba, few-seeded whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: From sagebrush plains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: From sagebrush plains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba platycarpa – broad-pod whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington, northeastern Oregon, and adjacent Idaho, east to the south-central U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to desert washes and hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington, northeastern Oregon, and adjacent Idaho, east to the south-central U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to desert washes and hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Draba praealta – tall whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, e to Northwest Territories, Alberta Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and central Nevada.
Habitat: Montane woodland to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, e to Northwest Territories, Alberta Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and central Nevada.
Habitat: Montane woodland to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Draba reptans – Carolina whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Desert plains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Desert plains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Draba ruaxes – coast mountain draba, coast mountain whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Rock crevices and slopes at or above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Rock crevices and slopes at or above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba stenoloba – Alaska whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Sublapine meadows to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Sublapine meadows to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Draba taylorii – Taylor's draba, Taylor's whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Rock crevices, ledges, and benches in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Rock crevices, ledges, and benches in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba thompsonii – Thompson's draba
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; southern British Columbia to central Washington, disjunct in Yukon Territory.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; southern British Columbia to central Washington, disjunct in Yukon Territory.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Draba verna – spring whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and from the central U.S. and eastern Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and open disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: February-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and from the central U.S. and eastern Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and open disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: February-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Dracocephalum parviflorum – American dragonhead
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, often moist places at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, often moist places at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Drosera anglica – English sundew, giant sundew
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Sierra Nevada of California, east to the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Bogs and swamps from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Sierra Nevada of California, east to the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Bogs and swamps from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drosera ×obovata – hybrid sundew, obovate sundew
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California; circumboreal
Habitat: Swamps and bogs, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California; circumboreal
Habitat: Swamps and bogs, lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drosera rotundifolia – round-leaf sundew
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Montana and North Dakota, and most of the United states east of the Mississipps River.
Habitat: Swamps and bogs, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Montana and North Dakota, and most of the United states east of the Mississipps River.
Habitat: Swamps and bogs, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryas drummondii – yellow mountain-avens
Distribution: Known from only a small number of scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the North Cascades and Selkirk Mountains of Washington, the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon, and the Rocky Mountains of Montana; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: High elevations, often above timberline, but down to lower elevations along streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known from only a small number of scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the North Cascades and Selkirk Mountains of Washington, the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon, and the Rocky Mountains of Montana; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: High elevations, often above timberline, but down to lower elevations along streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryas hookeriana – white dryas, Hooker's mountain-avens, white mountain-avens
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, northeast Oregon, and in the Rockies from Northwest Territory to Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, northeast Oregon, and in the Rockies from Northwest Territory to Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis arguta – cordilleran drymocallis
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to vernally moist meadows, grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to vernally moist meadows, grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis campanulata – John Day cinquefoil, John Day wood beauty
Distribution: south-central Washington to north-central and east-central Oregon.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs, talus, canyons, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: south-central Washington to north-central and east-central Oregon.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs, talus, canyons, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis glandulosa – sticky cinquefoil
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open, mesic areas from coastal meadows to forest openings, to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open, mesic areas from coastal meadows to forest openings, to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. glabrata – Idaho wood beauty
• ssp. glandulosa – gland cinquefoil, sticky cinquefoil
• ssp. pseudorupestris – cliff drymocallis
Dryopteris arguta – coastal fern, marginal wood fern
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Baja California, east to Arizona, also in north-central Idaho.
Habitat: Mostly in the woods, but occasionally in more open areas.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Baja California, east to Arizona, also in north-central Idaho.
Habitat: Mostly in the woods, but occasionally in more open areas.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryopteris carthusiana – spinulose wood-fern, toothed wood-fern
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryopteris cristata – shield fern, crested wood-fern
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Idaho, east across northern U.S. and Canada to eastern North America; also in Europe.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Idaho, east across northern U.S. and Canada to eastern North America; also in Europe.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryopteris expansa – northern fern, spreading wood-fern
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist to wet woods and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist to wet woods and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryopteris filix-mas – male fern
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist shaded talus and rocky stream banks, lowland to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Spores: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist shaded talus and rocky stream banks, lowland to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Spores: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Duchesnea indica – Indian-strawberry, mock-stawberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest and forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest and forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. indica – Indian strawberry, mock strawberry
Dulichium arundinaceum – three-way sedge
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, marshes, and shores of ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, marshes, and shores of ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dysphania ambrosioides – Mexican tea, wormseed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas, riparian zones, tolerant of alkaline.
Origin: Introduced from southern North America and tropical America
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas, riparian zones, tolerant of alkaline.
Origin: Introduced from southern North America and tropical America
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Dysphania botrys – Jerusalem oak goosefoot, Jerusalem oak
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of the U.S. and parts of southern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks, gravel bars, roadsides, and other distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of the U.S. and parts of southern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks, gravel bars, roadsides, and other distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Dysphania pumilio – small crumbweed, clammy goosefoot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border of Washington; southern British Columbia to California and northern Nevada, east to Idaho; scattered in eastern half of U.S.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly soils, streambanks, waste areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border of Washington; southern British Columbia to California and northern Nevada, east to Idaho; scattered in eastern half of U.S.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly soils, streambanks, waste areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
